Archived:Introduction to NFC on Nokia 6131 NFC and Nokia 6212 classic
This article applies to a significantly older version of Series 40.
Article Metadata
Reasons:
This article is relatively old, and is likely to be out of date in some aspects. The useful content in this article should be merged with the "official" About NFC overview and it should then be deleted.
This article provides a brief overview of NFC, and NFC on Nokia platforms. Note that About NFC is a more recent article, and is a better starting point.
Contents |
Working Method
NFC basically work in four simple ways:
- Phone to Tag
- Phone to Phone
- Phone to Device
- Phone to Reader
Phone to Tag
In this kind of application or development there should be a tag in poster or any other object and when we put our phone near that object it initiates the communication and read that tag from that object. The basic example of this kind of application is as follows:
- call will start when user touches the mobile to the NFC card.
- alarm will be set when user touches the mobile to NFC card.
Phone to Phone
In this kind of application two phones communicate with each other and transfer or share objects with each other. The ideal example can be one NFC phone shares a picture with another NFC mobile by touching each other.
Phone to Device
In this kind of application the phone will communicate with any device. For example using NFC we can connect Bluetooth head set with phone by touching or placing them close to each other.
Phone to Reader
In this kind of application the phone will communicate with any external reader. Suppose reader can be available in any transportation company and people can communicate with that reader and purchase their ticket.
The Contactless Communication API
The Contactless Communication API (JSR 257) is used in development for NFC. The Contactless Communication API allows you to discover and exchange data with contactless targets such as NDEF tags, RFID tags, and external smartcards. The API also provides support for visual tags. It has the following packages.
- javax.microedition.contactless (Mandatory)
- target discovery and classes common to all targets
- target discovery and classes common to all targets
- javax.microedition.contactless.ndef
- communicate with tags (NDEF formatted data)
- communicate with tags (NDEF formatted data)
- javax.microedition.contactless.rf
- communicate with RFID (no NDEF formatted data)
- communicate with RFID (no NDEF formatted data)
- javax.microedition.contactless.sc
- communication with external smart cards
- communication with external smart cards
- javax.microedition.contactless.visual
- reading and generating visual tags
- reading and generating visual tags
Register Target
First you need to register for Target by following code snippts public void registerTargetListeners(TargetListener targetListener) { // Discover supported types
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You need to specify a language like this: <source lang="html4strict">...</source>
Supported languages for syntax highlighting:
4cs, 6502acme, 6502kickass, 6502tasm, 68000devpac, abap, actionscript, actionscript3, ada, algol68, apache, applescript, apt_sources, asm, asp, autoconf, autohotkey, autoit, avisynth, awk, bascomavr, bash, basic4gl, bf, bibtex, blitzbasic, bnf, boo, c, c_loadrunner, c_mac, caddcl, cadlisp, cfdg, cfm, chaiscript, cil, clojure, cmake, cobol, coffeescript, cpp, cpp-qt, csharp, css, cuesheet, d, dcs, delphi, diff, div, dos, dot, e, ecmascript, eiffel, email, epc, erlang, euphoria, f1, falcon, fo, fortran, freebasic, fsharp, gambas, gdb, genero, genie, gettext, glsl, gml, gnuplot, go, groovy, gwbasic, haskell, hicest, hq9plus, html4strict, html5, icon, idl, ini, inno, intercal, io, j, java, java5, javascript, jquery, kixtart, klonec, klonecpp, latex, lb, lisp, llvm, locobasic, logtalk, lolcode, lotusformulas, lotusscript, lscript, lsl2, lua, m68k, magiksf, make, mapbasic, matlab, mirc, mmix, modula2, modula3, mpasm, mxml, mysql, newlisp, nsis, oberon2, objc, objeck, ocaml, ocaml-brief, oobas, oracle11, oracle8, oxygene, oz, pascal, pcre, per, perl, perl6, pf, php, php-brief, pic16, pike, pixelbender, pli, plsql, postgresql, povray, powerbuilder, powershell, proftpd, progress, prolog, properties, providex, purebasic, pycon, python, q, qbasic, rails, rebol, reg, robots, rpmspec, rsplus, ruby, sas, scala, scheme, scilab, sdlbasic, smalltalk, smarty, sql, systemverilog, tcl, teraterm, text, thinbasic, tsql, typoscript, unicon, uscript, vala, vb, vbnet, verilog, vhdl, vim, visualfoxpro, visualprolog, whitespace, whois, winbatch, xbasic, xml, xorg_conf, xpp, yaml, z80, zxbasic
TargetType[] tp = DiscoveryManager.getSupportedTargetTypes();
try {
// Register listener for each of the supported types
for (int i=0; i<tp.length; i++) {
if (tp[i].equals((TargetType.ISO14443_CARD))) {
dm.addTargetListener(
targetListener, TargetType.ISO14443_CARD);
} else...
:
:
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// ...
}
}
Once the target will be registered it will invoke the targetDetected() whenever any target comes near it and we can get the NDEF records in it and we can do further communication.
Invalid language.
You need to specify a language like this: <source lang="html4strict">...</source>
Supported languages for syntax highlighting:
4cs, 6502acme, 6502kickass, 6502tasm, 68000devpac, abap, actionscript, actionscript3, ada, algol68, apache, applescript, apt_sources, asm, asp, autoconf, autohotkey, autoit, avisynth, awk, bascomavr, bash, basic4gl, bf, bibtex, blitzbasic, bnf, boo, c, c_loadrunner, c_mac, caddcl, cadlisp, cfdg, cfm, chaiscript, cil, clojure, cmake, cobol, coffeescript, cpp, cpp-qt, csharp, css, cuesheet, d, dcs, delphi, diff, div, dos, dot, e, ecmascript, eiffel, email, epc, erlang, euphoria, f1, falcon, fo, fortran, freebasic, fsharp, gambas, gdb, genero, genie, gettext, glsl, gml, gnuplot, go, groovy, gwbasic, haskell, hicest, hq9plus, html4strict, html5, icon, idl, ini, inno, intercal, io, j, java, java5, javascript, jquery, kixtart, klonec, klonecpp, latex, lb, lisp, llvm, locobasic, logtalk, lolcode, lotusformulas, lotusscript, lscript, lsl2, lua, m68k, magiksf, make, mapbasic, matlab, mirc, mmix, modula2, modula3, mpasm, mxml, mysql, newlisp, nsis, oberon2, objc, objeck, ocaml, ocaml-brief, oobas, oracle11, oracle8, oxygene, oz, pascal, pcre, per, perl, perl6, pf, php, php-brief, pic16, pike, pixelbender, pli, plsql, postgresql, povray, powerbuilder, powershell, proftpd, progress, prolog, properties, providex, purebasic, pycon, python, q, qbasic, rails, rebol, reg, robots, rpmspec, rsplus, ruby, sas, scala, scheme, scilab, sdlbasic, smalltalk, smarty, sql, systemverilog, tcl, teraterm, text, thinbasic, tsql, typoscript, unicon, uscript, vala, vb, vbnet, verilog, vhdl, vim, visualfoxpro, visualprolog, whitespace, whois, winbatch, xbasic, xml, xorg_conf, xpp, yaml, z80, zxbasic
public void targetDetected(TargetProperties[] prop) {
try {
// Select the first target
TargetProperties target = prop[0];
// Get URL
String url = target.getUrl();
// Open NDEFTagConnection to the target
NDEFTagConnection conn = (
NDEFTagConnection) Connector.open(url);
// Read Message
NDEFMessage m = conn.readNDEF();
NDEFRecord[] r = m.getRecords();
// Process message / records, modify record for writing out
:
// Write message out, close connectin
conn.writeNDEF(m);
conn.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
NDEF Targets
In this section we will Register NDEF_TAG target (smart poster) to discover.
Invalid language.
You need to specify a language like this: <source lang="html4strict">...</source>
Supported languages for syntax highlighting:
4cs, 6502acme, 6502kickass, 6502tasm, 68000devpac, abap, actionscript, actionscript3, ada, algol68, apache, applescript, apt_sources, asm, asp, autoconf, autohotkey, autoit, avisynth, awk, bascomavr, bash, basic4gl, bf, bibtex, blitzbasic, bnf, boo, c, c_loadrunner, c_mac, caddcl, cadlisp, cfdg, cfm, chaiscript, cil, clojure, cmake, cobol, coffeescript, cpp, cpp-qt, csharp, css, cuesheet, d, dcs, delphi, diff, div, dos, dot, e, ecmascript, eiffel, email, epc, erlang, euphoria, f1, falcon, fo, fortran, freebasic, fsharp, gambas, gdb, genero, genie, gettext, glsl, gml, gnuplot, go, groovy, gwbasic, haskell, hicest, hq9plus, html4strict, html5, icon, idl, ini, inno, intercal, io, j, java, java5, javascript, jquery, kixtart, klonec, klonecpp, latex, lb, lisp, llvm, locobasic, logtalk, lolcode, lotusformulas, lotusscript, lscript, lsl2, lua, m68k, magiksf, make, mapbasic, matlab, mirc, mmix, modula2, modula3, mpasm, mxml, mysql, newlisp, nsis, oberon2, objc, objeck, ocaml, ocaml-brief, oobas, oracle11, oracle8, oxygene, oz, pascal, pcre, per, perl, perl6, pf, php, php-brief, pic16, pike, pixelbender, pli, plsql, postgresql, povray, powerbuilder, powershell, proftpd, progress, prolog, properties, providex, purebasic, pycon, python, q, qbasic, rails, rebol, reg, robots, rpmspec, rsplus, ruby, sas, scala, scheme, scilab, sdlbasic, smalltalk, smarty, sql, systemverilog, tcl, teraterm, text, thinbasic, tsql, typoscript, unicon, uscript, vala, vb, vbnet, verilog, vhdl, vim, visualfoxpro, visualprolog, whitespace, whois, winbatch, xbasic, xml, xorg_conf, xpp, yaml, z80, zxbasic
try {
NDEFRecordType spNrt = new NDEFRecordType(
NDEFRecordType.NFC_FORUM_RTD, "urn:nfc:wkt:Sp");
dm.addNDEFRecordListener(this, spNrt);
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
:
} catch (Exception e) {
:
}
Once we register it then when it comes close and discovers record the recordDeetected() will be invoked. We can handle it in following way:
Invalid language.
You need to specify a language like this: <source lang="html4strict">...</source>
Supported languages for syntax highlighting:
4cs, 6502acme, 6502kickass, 6502tasm, 68000devpac, abap, actionscript, actionscript3, ada, algol68, apache, applescript, apt_sources, asm, asp, autoconf, autohotkey, autoit, avisynth, awk, bascomavr, bash, basic4gl, bf, bibtex, blitzbasic, bnf, boo, c, c_loadrunner, c_mac, caddcl, cadlisp, cfdg, cfm, chaiscript, cil, clojure, cmake, cobol, coffeescript, cpp, cpp-qt, csharp, css, cuesheet, d, dcs, delphi, diff, div, dos, dot, e, ecmascript, eiffel, email, epc, erlang, euphoria, f1, falcon, fo, fortran, freebasic, fsharp, gambas, gdb, genero, genie, gettext, glsl, gml, gnuplot, go, groovy, gwbasic, haskell, hicest, hq9plus, html4strict, html5, icon, idl, ini, inno, intercal, io, j, java, java5, javascript, jquery, kixtart, klonec, klonecpp, latex, lb, lisp, llvm, locobasic, logtalk, lolcode, lotusformulas, lotusscript, lscript, lsl2, lua, m68k, magiksf, make, mapbasic, matlab, mirc, mmix, modula2, modula3, mpasm, mxml, mysql, newlisp, nsis, oberon2, objc, objeck, ocaml, ocaml-brief, oobas, oracle11, oracle8, oxygene, oz, pascal, pcre, per, perl, perl6, pf, php, php-brief, pic16, pike, pixelbender, pli, plsql, postgresql, povray, powerbuilder, powershell, proftpd, progress, prolog, properties, providex, purebasic, pycon, python, q, qbasic, rails, rebol, reg, robots, rpmspec, rsplus, ruby, sas, scala, scheme, scilab, sdlbasic, smalltalk, smarty, sql, systemverilog, tcl, teraterm, text, thinbasic, tsql, typoscript, unicon, uscript, vala, vb, vbnet, verilog, vhdl, vim, visualfoxpro, visualprolog, whitespace, whois, winbatch, xbasic, xml, xorg_conf, xpp, yaml, z80, zxbasic
public void recordDetected(NDEFMessage ndefMessage) {
// Get records and record types from NDEF Message
NDEFRecordType[] rTypes = ndefMessage.getRecordTypes();
NDEFRecord[] records = ndefMessage.getRecords();
for (int i=0; i<records.length; i++) {
// Handle data, based on type of NDEFMessage
NDEFRecordType t = recordTypes[i];
NDEFRecord r = records[i];
byte[] id = r.getId();
long len = r.getPayloadLength();
byte[] p = r.getPayload();
// Process the record
// ...
}
}
Push Registry
If you have worked on messaging or any alarm based application then you might know about push registry. It is used to start application automatically. The same concept can be applied here. If the incoming connection is coming and if we register push registry then our application can start automatically. We can do push registry registration statically or dynamically as we did in other application of messaging.
Sector and Track wise Operations
There are many situations in which we want to communicate with RFID card in sector or Track wise.
Reading data
To read data of particular sector and block the following code snippet will be used. The following method will return the data of particular sector and block.
public String readBlock(int sector,int block,String url)
{
byte[] buf = new byte[16];
byte[] bKeyA = {(byte)0xff,(byte)0xff,(byte)0xff,(byte)0xff,(byte)0xff,
(byte)0xff};
MFKey.KeyA keyA = new MFKey.KeyA(bKeyA);
MFStandardConnection tconn = null;
// Make connection
try {
tconn = (MFStandardConnection)Connector.open(url);
// read meta_data sector
MFSector sec1 = tconn.getSector(sector);
MFBlock mblk = sec1.getBlock(block);
mblk.read(keyA, buf, 0, 0, 16);
String sd=new String(buf);
tconn.close();
return sd;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
resultForm.append(ex.toString());
buf = null;
}
return null;
}
Writing data
public void writeBlock(int sector,int block,String url,String data)
{
byte[] bKeyA = {(byte)0xff,(byte)0xff,(byte)0xff,(byte)0xff,(byte)0xff,
(byte)0xff};
MFKey.KeyA keyA = new MFKey.KeyA(bKeyA);
MFStandardConnection tconn = null;
// Make connection
try {
tconn = (MFStandardConnection)Connector.open(url);
// read meta_data sector
MFSector sec1 = tconn.getSector(sector);
//frm.append("Sector 1 Blocks:"+ sec.getBlockCount());
MFBlock mblk = sec1.getBlock(block);
/*
byte writeData[]=new byte[16];
writeData=data.getBytes();
*/
byte[] buffer=new byte[16];
for(int i=0;i<buffer.length;i++)buffer[i]=0x00;
/*2*/
byte[] writeData=data.getBytes();
/*3*/
System.arraycopy(writeData, 0, buffer, 0, writeData.length);
/*4*/
mblk.write(keyA, buffer, 0, 16, 0);
mblk.write(keyA, writeData, 0,writeData.length,0);
//frm.append("data written successfully");
//frm.append("Got block 0");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
// frm.append(e.toString());
}
finally
{
try
{
if(tconn!=null)
tconn.close();
}
catch(Exception e)
{
//frm.append(e.toString());
}
}
Critical Part
To communicate with RFID card we have to pass secure keys so data can be confidential and no other application can read that data but if once the key has been lost then that particular sector may be useless for you so please take care before doing any change in secure keys. I think the person with beginner knowledge should not try to do any thing with keys of card.
NFC enables Handsets
As has been said NFC is still a very young technology so there are very few devices which are available for NFC.
- Nokia 6212 classic
- Nokia 6131 NFC
- Nokia 3220 + NFC Shell[15]
- Samsung SGH-X700 NFC[16]
- Samsung D500E[17]
- SAGEM my700X Contactless[18]
- LG 600V contactless[19]
- Motorola L7 (SLVR)[20]
- Benq T80[21]
Development Tools
To do development in Java ME you will need the SDK provided by Nokia Developer for NFC enabled handsets like Nokia 6212 and Nokia 6131 which you can get from the respective device's specifications page. Once you install the SDK you can integrate it with NetBeans or Eclipse easily.
Security
The communication range for NFC is so limited and there are keys for security in communication but yet there are chances of attacks by data modification, eavesdropping and relay attacks. So to guard from these kinds of attacks applications have to use higher-layer cryptographic protocols (e.g., SSL) to establish a secure channel.
